Table des matières

Icecast

Sujet : Streaming audio avec Icecast
Distribution : fedora
Niveau : Intermédiaire
Auteur : cedjo (18.11.2004) sur le forum

Introduction

Le but de cette page est de vous aider à mettre en place une “radio internet” qui diffuse les morceaux de musique d'une liste de lecture au format ogg

Insérer une note à propos du format MP3 sur Fedora ici? — calimarno

Installation

Installons icecast qui est le serveur de streaming audio. Vous avez le choix d'installer un paquet binaire précompilé ou de le compiler vous-mêmes :

Installez ensuite Ices 2.0.0 qui est le client-source officiel de Icecast c'est à dire l'application qui va alimenter Icecast en son à diffuser. Il permet de diffuser du format ogg sur un serveur Icecast2. Ce logiciel peut recupérer le son du périphérique /dev/dsp pour diffuser ce qui passe sur la carte son mais nous nous limitons ici à la diffusion d'une playlist.

NB : Notez qu'il existe également d'autres logiciels client-source et d'autres logiciels équivalent à Icecast comme shoutcast.

Configuration

Icecast

La configuration est relativement simple en se basant sur les fichiers par défaut fournis qui sont au format xml, donc très compréhensibles.

Tout d'abord icecast.xml

<icecast>
    <limits>
        <clients>100</clients>
        <sources>2</sources>
        <threadpool>5</threadpool>
        <queue-size>102400</queue-size>
        <client-timeout>30</client-timeout>
        <header-timeout>15</header-timeout>
        <source-timeout>10</source-timeout>
        <!-- If enabled, this will provide a burst of data when a client 
             first connects, thereby significantly reducing the startup 
             time for listeners that do substantial buffering. However,
             it also significantly increases latency between the source
             client and listening client.  For low-latency setups, you
             might want to disable this. -->
        <burst-on-connect>1</burst-on-connect>
        <!-- same as burst-on-connect, but this allows for being more
             specific on how much to burst. Most people won't need to
             change from the default 64k. Applies to all mountpoints  -->
        <burst-size>65535</burst-size>
    </limits>

    <authentication>
        <!-- Sources log in with username 'source' -->
        <source-password>PASSWORD</source-password>
        <!-- Relays log in username 'relay' -->
        <relay-password>PASSWORD</relay-password>

        <!-- Admin logs in with the username given below -->
        <admin-user>ADMINUSER</admin-user>
        <admin-password>PASSWORD</admin-password>
    </authentication>

    <!-- Uncomment this if you want directory listings -->
    <!--
    <directory>
        <yp-url-timeout>15</yp-url-timeout>
        <yp-url>http://dir.xiph.org/cgi-bin/yp-cgi</yp-url>
    </directory>
    <directory>
        <yp-url-timeout>15</yp-url-timeout>
        <yp-url>http://www.oddsock.org/cgi-bin/yp-cgi</yp-url>
    </directory>
     -->

    <!-- This is the hostname other people will use to connect to your server.
    It affects mainly the urls generated by Icecast for playlists and yp
    listings. -->
    <hostname>localhost</hostname>

    <!-- You can use these two if you only want a single listener -->
    <!--<port>8000</port> -->
    <!--<bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address>-->

    <!-- You may have multiple <listener> elements -->
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8000</port>
        <!-- <bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address> -->
    </listen-socket>
    <!--
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8001</port>
    </listen-socket>
    -->

    <!--<master-server>127.0.0.1</master-server>-->
    <!--<master-server-port>8001</master-server-port>-->
    <!--<master-update-interval>120</master-update-interval>-->
    <!--<master-password>hackme</master-password>-->
    <!--
    <relay>
        <server>127.0.0.1</server>
        <port>8001</port>
        <mount>/example.ogg</mount>
        <local-mount>/different.ogg</local-mount>

        <relay-shoutcast-metadata>0</relay-shoutcast-metadata>
    </relay>
    -->

    <!-- Only define a <mount> section if you want to use advanced options,
         like alternative usernames or passwords
    <mount>
        <mount-name>/example-complex.ogg</mount-name>

        <username>othersource</username>
        <password>hackmemore</password>

        <max-listeners>1</max-listeners>
        <dump-file>/tmp/dump-example1.ogg</dump-file>
        <burst-size>65536</burst-size>
        <fallback-mount>/example2.ogg</fallback-mount>
        <authentication type="htpasswd">
                <option name="filename" value="myauth"/>
                <option name="allow_duplicate_users" value="0"/>
        </authentication>
    </mount>
    -->

    <fileserve>1</fileserve>

    <paths>
        <!-- basedir is only used if chroot is enabled -->
        <basedir>/usr/share/icecast</basedir>

        <!-- Note that if <chroot> is turned on below, these paths must both
             be relative to the new root, not the original root -->
        <logdir>/home/icecast</logdir>
        <webroot>/usr/share/icecast/web</webroot>
        <adminroot>/usr/share/icecast/admin</adminroot>
        <!-- <pidfile>/usr/share/icecast/icecast.pid</pidfile> -->

        <!-- Aliases: treat requests for 'source' path as being for 'dest' path
             May be made specific to a port or bound address using the "port"
             and "bind-address" attributes.
          -->
        <!--
        <alias source="/foo" dest="/bar"/>
          -->
        <!-- Aliases: can also be used for simple redirections as well,
             this example will redirect all requests for http://server:port/ to
             the status page
          -->
        <alias source="/" dest="/status.xsl"/>
    </paths>

    <logging>
        <accesslog>access.log</accesslog>
        <errorlog>error.log</errorlog>
          <loglevel>4</loglevel> <!-- 4 Debug, 3 Info, 2 Warn, 1 Error -->
    </logging>

    <security>
        <chroot>0</chroot>
        
        <changeowner>
            <user>icecast</user>
            <group>icecast</group>
        </changeowner>
        
    </security>
</icecast>

Les seules choses à modifier sont le nom d'utilisateur et les mots de passe de la section <authentification>, l'ajout du nom et du groupe de l'utilisateur qui gère Icecast dans la section <changeowner> car Icecast ne peut pas s'executer en tant que superutilisateur (root).

Ices

Pour Ices, recopiez le fichier /usr/share/doc/ices-2.0.0/ices-playlist.xml vers /etc/ices.xml :

cp /usr/share/doc/ices-2.0.0/ices-playlist.xml /etc/ices.xml

Et modifiez :

ce qui donne: Exemple :

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ices>
    <!-- run in background -->
    <background>1</background>
    <!-- where logs, etc go. -->
    <logpath>PATH_TO_LOG</logpath>
    <logfile>ices.log</logfile>
    <!-- 1=error,2=warn,3=info,4=debug -->
    <loglevel>4</loglevel>
    <!-- set this to 1 to log to the console instead of to the file above -->
    <consolelog>0</consolelog>

    <!-- optional filename to write process id to -->
    <pidfile>/home/icecast/ices.pid</pidfile>

    <stream>
        <!-- metadata used for stream listing (not currently used) -->
        <metadata>
            <name>ma radio internet</name>
            <genre>mon genre musical</genre>
            <description>description de la radio</description>
        </metadata>

        <!-- input module

            The module used here is the playlist module - it has 
            'submodules' for different types of playlist. There are
            two currently implemented, 'basic', which is a simple
            file-based playlist, and 'script' which invokes a command
            to returns a filename to start playing. -->

        <input>
            <module>playlist</module>
            <param name="type">basic</param>
            <param name="file">/etc/playlist.txt</param>
            <!-- random play -->
            <param name="random">1</param>
            <!-- if the playlist get updated that start at the beginning -->
            <param name="restart-after-reread">0</param>
            <!-- if set to 1 , plays once through, then exits. -->
            <param name="once">0</param>
        </input>

        <!-- Stream instance
            You may have one or more instances here. This allows you to 
            send the same input data to one or more servers (or to different
            mountpoints on the same server). Each of them can have different
            parameters. This is primarily useful for a) relaying to multiple
            independent servers, and b) encoding/reencoding to multiple
            bitrates.
            If one instance fails (for example, the associated server goes
            down, etc), the others will continue to function correctly.
            This example defines two instances as two mountpoints on the
            same server.  -->
        <instance>
            <!-- Server details:
                You define hostname and port for the server here, along with
                the source password and mountpoint.  -->
            <hostname>localhost</hostname>
            <port>8000</port>
            <password>PASSWORD</password>
            <mount>/mon_flux.ogg</mount>

            <!-- Reconnect parameters:
                When something goes wrong (e.g. the server crashes, or the
                network drops) and ices disconnects from the server, these
                control how often it tries to reconnect, and how many times
                it tries to reconnect. Delay is in seconds.
                If you set reconnectattempts to -1, it will continue 
                indefinately. Suggest setting reconnectdelay to a large value
                if you do this.
            -->
            <reconnectdelay>30</reconnectdelay>
            <reconnectattempts>5</reconnectattempts> 

            <!-- maxqueuelength:
                This describes how long the internal data queues may be. This
                basically lets you control how much data gets buffered before
                ices decides it can't send to the server fast enough, and 
                either shuts down or flushes the queue (dropping the data)
                and continues. 
                For advanced users only.
            -->
            <maxqueuelength>80</maxqueuelength>

            <!-- Live encoding/reencoding:
                Currrently, the parameters given here for encoding MUST
                match the input data for channels and sample rate. That 
                restriction will be relaxed in the future.
            -->
            <encode>  
                <nominal-bitrate>64000</nominal-bitrate> <!-- bps. e.g. 64000 for 64 kbps -->
                <samplerate>44100</samplerate>
                <channels>2</channels>
            </encode>
        </instance>

    </stream>
</ices>

Utilisation

Il suffit de lancer icecast avec la commande

icecast -c /etc/icecast.xml

Vous pouvez ensuite connecter votre lecteur multimédia VLC, Mplayer sur votre flux http://www.maradio.com:8000/mon_flux.ogg et ecouter votre stream audio…

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